3.1 Introduction

This section describes the regulatory and economic instruments that will give effect to the strategy set out in Section Two. The Act provides a toolbox of waste management measures to deal with the challenges of particular waste streams. Regulations issued in terms of the Act will give effect to these measures.

The measures described in this section are:

• Waste Classification and Management System – provides a methodology for the classification of waste and provides standards for the assessment and disposal of waste for landfill disposal
• Norms and standards – baseline regulatory standards for managing waste at each stage of the waste management hierarchy.
• Licensing – the Act provides for a list of waste activities that require licensing and the setting of licensing conditions. The Act also provides for listing waste management activities that do not require a licence if undertaken according to specified norms and standards or requirements.
• Industry waste management plans – enables collective planning by industry to manage their products once they become waste and to collectively set targets for waste reduction, recycling and re-use.
• Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) – identifies particular products that have toxic constituents or that pose waste management challenges, and regulates industry responsibility for these products beyond point of sale.
• Priority wastes – identifies categories of waste that require special waste management measures due to the risks of these wastes to human health and the environment.
• Economic instruments – encourages or discourages particular behaviour and augments other regulatory instruments.